Leakage current

Leakage current flowing from the power input line to the ground. According to the technical standards for electrical installations, the leakage current must be 1 mA or less. When the insulation resistance decreases due to poor insulation at terminals or moisture in electrical and electronic equipment, the leakage current increases. If the leakage current becomes large, it may not only cause equipment failure but also result in electric shock.
An earth leakage circuit breaker interrupts the circuit when this leakage current exceeds the specified value. It typically operates when the current exceeds 30 mA, which is the limit considered not to adversely affect the human body.