Leakage current

Leakage current flowing from power input lines to the ground. According to the technical standards for electrical equipment, leakage current is required to be 1mA or less. When the insulation resistance decreases due to causes such as insulation failure at terminal parts or moisture in electrical and electronic equipment, leakage current increases. An increase in leakage current can not only cause equipment malfunction but also poses a risk of electric shock.
A ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is a device that cuts off the circuit when this leakage current exceeds the specified value. It typically operates when the current exceeds 30mA, which is the threshold considered safe for the human body.