Creepage distance

In electrical and electronic circuits, this refers to the required distance between a component that needs electrical insulation and other components. There are two types of insulation distance: clearance, which is the straight-line distance, and creepage distance, which follows the surface of substrates where components are mounted. The insulation distance is affected by the thickness and resistivity of the insulating material between components. The greater the thickness or resistivity of the insulating material, the smaller the required insulation distance. Types of insulation include basic insulation, functional insulation, supplementary insulation, and reinforced insulation (double insulation), each defined with specific insulation distances according to electrical and electronic equipment standards.